THE KANAWHA STEAMER

The finest fire engine of it's day

We'll get to a little history on the old Kanawha Steamer,  but first I'd like to tell you how it wound up in the Civic Center.  We have to go back to 1988.  This was the year the Steamer was pulled into Charleston... again.

 

THE KANAWHA'S BACK  ...  OR  HOW I KIDNAPPED A FIRE ENGINE

Some background....

When the "Kanawha" was put out of service many years ago by the city of Charleston,  the firefighters union asked that they take ownership.  This was the last steamer, as the other one had been sold for scrap.  So it was decided to allow the firefighters ownership.  They then built a huge trailer to haul the engine, mostly in parades.  They housed the engine for many years in firehouses, but mostly station 9 on Sissonville Dr.  They did what they could to make the engine presentable,  cleaning, sanding and painting.  A real restoration would have cost much more money than they had.  So many many years passed, and the engine appeared in fewer and fewer parades.  The old engine was now just taking up space.  What to do?   It was decided to offer the engine to the WV State Archive. The engine would be placed on display in the relatively new "Science and Cultural Center" at the state capitol.  It was delivered there and placed in storage until a spot could be found.  Problem was... that spot was never found. So it sat and sat.  Finally ( unbeknown to the firefighters ) the pumper was hauled to Camp Washington Carver  (The site was dedicated in 1942 as the first 4-H camp for African-American youth in the nation) at Clifftop to be displayed.  Displayed?  For whom?  It sat in the weather in the summer and was housed in the winter.  It DID have a roof over it in the summer but that's no way to treat an irreplaceable heirloom.  Once the firefighters found out about this,  they became angry and demanded that the engine either be returned to the museum,  or to them.   This demand fell on deaf ears.  Years went by and nothing could be done.  Calls were made to the governor, senators and anyone who might be able to help.  They simply wouldn't move the engine. 

Enter yours truly:  I had told them from the beginning that if they wanted the engine back,  just give me the word and I'd have it back in 24 hours.  For years, no one took me up on my offer.  Finally, out of sheer desperation,  I was asked to bring the engine back.   I wont go into names,  but "certain people" allowed me the use of a city truck and lowboy.  My plan was simple:  Drive to Camp Washington Carver and load the engine and bring it back.  I took enough people with me that if push came to shove... we'd do that too.  The morning that we were on the road to kidnap the engine,  a funny thing happened:  "Someone" became a little worried and made some phone calls.  Somehow those phone calls paved the way for a FAST negotiation process.  As we were loading the engine.....


..... back in Charleston plans were made to house the engine in the Civic Center for safe keeping.  Meanwhile, a deal was quickly struck with the state and a contract written up that the city could have the engine on display for one year.  (yea right). Fact is, I believe that by the time the state found out that I kidnapped the engine,  what could they do?  After all, they knew the city was behind it all and didn't want to get into a big public fight with Charleston.  So we pulled the engine into the Civic Center,  and rolled it into the lobby.  Mayor Kent Hall made a short speech and said the following:  "As long as I am mayor,  that engine will never leave the lobby".  Naturally,  the news article glossed over the real story,  but it didn't matter because we got our engine back. So there it sits to this very day.  I made the photos and placards that are there today. I think the engine looks great because it sits in a cubbyhole that looks like it was made for it.  I hope the day comes that it's restored to it's once beautiful shape.  Helping me "liberate" the Steamer in the above photo is Jackie Adkins (in green hat) and Bobby Runion (White t shirt)


 

News article June 20, 1988

 

AND NOW FOR A LITTLE HISTORY

Steamer

The first fire company in Kanawha county was organized in Charleston in the early part of 1864, but, by some misunderstanding among the members, was caused to suspend. On February 24, 1864, it was re-organized, with A. E. Summers as President and William Fisher Secretary.   Thomas A. Oliver was appointed by the company as engine-keeper at a salary of $5 per month. The uniform of the company was a red jacket with black velvet collar, black pants, black leather belt, with name of the company on it. The rank of the company included some of Charleston's most prominent men and numbered seventy-three members. The names of the engines or apparatuses were Hope and Kanawha.

 

The arrow points to the "Kanawha" during the great Capitol fire of 1921. Below is a better photo.

Charleston WV photo

This is the corner of Dickinson & Lee.  The Kanawha is going full steam on the left.

Fire horses came in three classifications:

* The lightweight: 1,100 pound horses that were used on the hose wagons,
* The middleweight: 1,400 pound horses that were used on the steamers, and
* The large, 1,700 pounders that were used to pull the hook and ladders as well as other heavy equipment.

Fire horses required much stamina and strength and natural ability. One expert of the time said it was usually a one-in-a-hundred selection. Their training took between one and two years.  Many horses were "very spirited" and non-conformist in nature, but with a patient and knowledgeable trainer, would turn into a top-notch reliable fire-horse. Just think of 3 large horses fastened to a very heavy steamer, galloping full speed through busy streets (and hills) of Charleston, between throngs of other wagons, buggies, horses, trolley cars, etc. The horses and the driver had to make quick judgments constantly. Even Charleston had railroad-type interurban cars in its days of fire horses. The horses would have to have above-average intelligence to serve, but after forty years of working closely with the horses, firefighters no longer bunked in the stable-firehouse to be ready to hitch the horses to the engines at any hour. The sound of hooves clattering through the streets, straining to get pumping equipment to the fire was replaced by the roar of engines.


In March of 1852, a Cincinnati locksmith named Abel Shawk, a railroad locomotive builder named Alexander Bonner "Moses" Latta, and a iron-foundry owner named Miles Greenwood, joined forces to build the world's first successful steam-powered fire engine. There was a young apprentice working for Shawk and Latta in their factory by the name of Chris Ahrens. When Shawk and Latta sold their business in 1863 to Lane & Bodley, a local machine shop, Chris Ahrens became superintendent of fire engine construction. Five years later Ahrens bought out the Latta fire engine business, renaming it C. Ahrens & Co.

In 1877, Ahrens renamed his company the Ahrens Manufacturing Company. By 1903, Ahrens fire engines held every world record for steam fire engine performance. When one was broken a new Ahrens engine would set a new record.


In 1891 Ahrens merged with three of its biggest competitors to form American Fire Engine Company. Chris Ahrens' son-in-law, Charles Hust Fox, left his position as assistant Chief of the Cincinnati Fire Department to join the Ahrens firm. One of Mr. fox's innovations was the Fox Vertical Water Tube Boiler, which could raise steam from cold water in 3 minutes, and the "Columbian' steamer, the world's first pumper to carry its own hose. Before this a steamer required a separate hose wagon to carry its hoses. In 1902 Fox helped develop the world's first gasoline-powered fire engine.


In 1905 after a protracted legal battle, the Ahrens family separated the company from the conglomerate that had grown over the years. It became the Ahrens Fire Engine Company.

The company's new type of fire engine was the "Continental", it was third in sales and again garnered every world record, delivering the highest gallons per minute, the greatest pressure, pumping through the longest length of hose lines, and shooting streams further and higher than any other make of steamer of the day. 

Charleston is fortunate to have the finest fire engine of it's day, the Ahrens Continental number 140.  There is one thing that disturbs me however:  The engine is very heavy and is standing on it's original wooden spoke wheels.  That's far too much weight for something that old.  There needs to be small stands placed under the engine just enough to take the weight off the wheels.  UPDATE:  They did finally place "jacks" under the axles to take the weight off the wooden wheels.




2022 UPDATE
In 2015 the Civic Center was being enlarged. The old Steamer had to be moved.  As of this writing, the Steamer is still in the basement of a fire station, seen by no one.  The Civic Center was greatly enlarged, but they "claim" that there's no
space for the Steamer.  Over the last 25 years, Charleston has lost its way. They're trying to make it something it's not.... some kind of artsy fartsy fantasy. The river and the railroads built this town. Without them, we wouldn't be here, but do you see any kind of museum or ANYthing that reflects this? No.  And the fire dept had a huge role in protecting this town and its people. See anything about that? No. "Something" should be out there for the public to see.

If they dont want the old Steamer in their precious Civil Center, then they should purchase an enclosure and place it outside on one of the many spaces around the building. These new enclosures prevent moisture and the new glass prevent fading.

Here is an example of what it might look like:



Kanawha Steamer




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